The Forecourt Area

The Forecourt Area (Khu Tiền Án) is the spacious open space located in front of Văn Miếu - Quốc Tử Giám, contributing to the solemnity and grandeur of the monument. This area begins with the Tứ Trụ (Four Pillars) and two Hạ Mã stelae positioned symmetrically on both sides.

The pillars are constructed from brick, with the two central columns taller than the outer pair and topped by sculptures of two nghê — sacred mythological creatures — facing one another in reverence.

On both sides of the Forecourt stand the two stone stelae inscribed with the words “Hạ Mã,” meaning “dismount from your horse.” Their purpose was to remind all passersby — whether nobles, mandarins, or military officials arriving by sedan chair or horseback — to dismount and proceed on foot as a sign of respect toward the sages and scholars honored within the site.